The Effect of Aluminum Concentration on the Structure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Cu/al Composites Produced by Electron-Beam Additive Manufacturing

A. O. Panfilov; A. P. Zykova; A. V. Chumaevskii; V. A. Beloborodov; S. Yu. Nikonov; E. A. Kolubaev

doi:10.17804/2410-9908.2022.6.035-045

A. O. Panfilov, A. P. Zykova, A. V. Chumaevskii, V. A. Beloborodov, S. Yu. Nikonov, E. A. Kolubaev

THE EFFECT OF ALUMINUM CONCENTRATION ON THE STRUCTURE EVOLUTION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cu/Al COMPOSITES PRODUCED BY ELECTRON-BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

DOI: 10.17804/2410-9908.2022.6.035-045

Electron-beam additive manufacturing with a simultaneous feed of two wires is used to produce Cu/Al composites with different contents of Al-12Si aluminum alloy. The obtained specimens are examined by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis and tested for uniaxial static tension. The introduction of 25 vol% Al-12Si is found to form a fairly homogeneous structure characterized by Cu dendrites and a small volume fraction of Cu9Al4 and Cu4Al intermetallic compounds on the dendritic cell boundaries. The increase of the volume fraction of Al-12Si in the copper alloy to 33 vol% is accompanied by the formation of Cu9Al4, Cu4Al, and Cu3Al intermetallics and an increase in their volume fraction. In the composite with 33 vol% Al-12Si, the Cu9Al4 phase becomes the main one, thus causing brittle fracture of the specimens without plastic deformation. It is shown that, with an increase in the volume fraction of Al-12Si to 30%, ultimate strength increases significantly in the copper alloy (up to 695 MPa) and relative elongation decreases (down to 4%) due to the increasing volume fraction of the brittle CuxAly intermetallic phases. The results of hardness measurements testify that the increase of Al-12Si content in the specimens from 25 to 33 vol% increases their microhardness significantly, namely from 1.38 to 4.35 GPa.

Acknowledgement: The work was supported by the grant from the President of the Russian Federation for the state support of leading scientific schools, No. NSh-1174.2022.4. It was performed under the state assignment for ISPMS SB RAS, project FWRW-2021-0012.

Keywords: electron-beam additive manufacturing, Cu/Al composite, intermetallic, microstructure, mechanical properties

References:

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А. О. Панфилов, А. П. Зыкова, А. В. Чумаевский, В. А. Белобородов, С. Ю. Никонов, Е. А. Колубаев

ВЛИЯНИЕ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ АЛЮМИНИЯ НА ЭВОЛЮЦИЮ СТРУКТУРЫ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА КОМПОЗИТОВ Cu/Al, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОННО-ЛУЧЕВОЙ АДДИТИВНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИЕЙ

Методом электронно-лучевого аддитивного производства с одновременной подачей двух проволок были получены композиты Cu/Al с различным содержанием алюминиевого сплава АК12. Полученные заготовки исследовались методами оптической микроскопии, методом рентгеноструктурного анализа, проведены испытания на одноосное статическое растяжение. Установлено, что введение 25 об. % АК12 приводит к формированию относительно однородной структуры характеризующейся дендритами Cu и незначительной объемной долей интерметаллидов Cu9Al4 и Cu4Al по границам дендритных ячеек. С увеличением объемной доли АК12 до 33 об. % в медном сплаве происходит увеличение объемной доли и формирование интерметаллидов Cu9Al4, Cu4Al, и Cu3Al. В композите с содержанием 33 об. % АК12 фаза Cu9Al4 становится основной, что приводит к хрупкому разрушению образцов без пластической деформации. Показано, что с увеличением объемной доли АК12 до 30 % в медном сплаве происходит значительное повышение значений предела прочности (до 695 МПа) и снижение значений относительного удлинения (до 4 %) за счет увеличения объемной доли хрупких интерметаллидных фаз CuxAly. Результаты измерения микротвердости композитов показали, что увеличение содержания АК12 с 25 об. % до 33 об. % приводит значительному росту микротвердости от 1,38 до 4,35 ГПа.

Благодарность: Работа выполнена в рамках гранта Президента Российской Федерации для государственной поддержки ведущих научных школ НШ-1174.2022.4 и государственного задания ИФПМ СО РАН, тема номер FWRW-2021-0012.

Ключевые слова: электронно-лучевое аддитивное производство, композит Cu/Al, интерметаллиды, микроструктура, механические свойства

Библиография:

Interfacial microstructure evolution and weld formation during ultrasonic welding of Al alloy to Cu / H. T. Fujii, H. Endo, Y. S. Sato, H. Kokawa // Materials Characterization. – 2018. – Vol. 139. – P. 233–240. – DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2018.03.010.
Shin Hyung-Seop, De Leon Michael. Mechanical performance and electrical resistance of ultrasonic welded multiple Cu-Al layers // Journal of Materials Processing Technology. – 2017. – Vol. 241. – P. 141–153. – DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.11.004.
Bimetallic copper-aluminium tube by severe plastic deformation / R. Lapovok, H. P. Ng, D. Tomus, Y. Estrin // Scripta Materialia. – 2012. – Vol. 66. – P. 1081–1084. – DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.03.004.
Powell C., Stillman H. Corrosion behavior of copper alloys used in marine aquaculture // International Copper Association. – 2009. – P. 1–3.
Callcut V. A. Aluminium bronzes for industrial use // Metals and materials. – 1989. – Vol. 5, No. 3. – P. 128–132.
3D printing of Aluminium alloys: Additive Manufacturing of Aluminium alloys using selective laser melting / T. A. Nesma, M. Simonelli, L. Parry, I. Ashcroft, C. Tuck, R. Hague // Progress in Materials Science. – 2019. – Vol. 106. – P. 100578. – DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2019.100578.
Laser-arc hybrid additive manufacturing of stainless steel with beam oscillation / V. Gong, Y. Meng, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, X. Zeng, M. Gao // Additive Manufacturing. – 2020. – Vol. 33. – P. 101180. – DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101180.
Wire arc additive manufacturing of titanium aluminide alloys using two-wire TOP-TIG welding: Processing, microstructures, and mechanical properties / X. Cai, B. Dong, X. Yin, S. Lin, C. Fan, C. Yang // Additive Manufacturing. – 2020. – Vol. 35. – P. 101344. – DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101344.
Study on the NiTi shape memory alloys in-situ synthesized by dual-wire-feed electron beam additive manufacturing / Ze Pu, Dong Du, Kaiming Wang, Guan Liu, Dongqi Zhang, Haoyu Zhang, Rui Xi, Xiebin Wang, Baohua Chang //Additive Manufacturing. – 2022. – Vol. 26. – P. 102886. – DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.102886.
Electron-beam additive manufacturing of high-nitrogen steel: Microstructure and tensile properties / S. Astafurov, E. Astafurova, K. Reunova, E. Melnikov, V. Panchenko, V. Moskvina, G. Maier, V. Rubtsov, E. Kolubaev // Materials Science and Engineering: A. – 2021. – Vol. 826. – P. 141951. – DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2021.141951.
The Structure Organization and Defect Formation of Cu-Al System Polymetallic Materials Produced by the Electron-Beam Additive Technology / A. Chumaevskii, T. Kalashnikova, A. Gusarova, E. Knjazhev, K. Kalashnikov, A. Panfilov // 7th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects (EFRE). – 2020. – P. 1294–1298.
Production of Gradient Intermetallic Layers Based on Aluminum Alloy and Copper by Electron–beam Additive Technology / A. V. Chumaevskii, A. O. Panfilov, E. O. Knyazhev, A. P. Zykova, A. V. Gusarova, K. N. Kalashnikov, A. V. Vorontsov, N. L. Savchenko, S. Y. Nikonov, A. M. Cheremnov, V. E. Rubtsov, E. A. Kolubaev // Diagnostics, Resource and Mechanics of materials and structures. – 2021. – P. 19–31. – DOI: 10.17804/2410-9908.2021.6.019-031. – URL: https://dream-journal.org/issues/2021-6/2021-6_342.html

Библиографическая ссылка на статью

The Effect of Aluminum Concentration on the Structure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Cu/al Composites Produced by Electron-Beam Additive Manufacturing / A. O. Panfilov, A. P. Zykova, A. V. Chumaevskii, V. A. Beloborodov, S. Yu. Nikonov, E. A. Kolubaev // Diagnostics, Resource and Mechanics of materials and structures. - 2022. - Iss. 6. - P. 35-45. -
DOI: 10.17804/2410-9908.2022.6.035-045. -
URL: http://dream-journal.org/issues/content/article_378.html
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