Hydrogen Diagnostics of Metals and Alloys

A. M. Polyanskiy; V. A. Polyanskiy; K. P. Frolova; Yu. A. Yakovlev

doi:10.17804/2410-9908.2018.6.037-050

A. M. Polyanskiy, V. A. Polyanskiy, K. P. Frolova, Yu. A. Yakovlev

HYDROGEN DIAGNOSTICS OF METALS AND ALLOYS

DOI: 10.17804/2410-9908.2018.6.037-050

Within the framework of this paper, we review the development of the problem of hydrogen diagnostics for metals. Metal sample enrichment techniques based on the hydrogen vacuum extraction method had been used for a long time. The development of industrial control technologies has led to the almost complete replacement of vacuum techniques with atmospheric ones. As a result, systematic errors have occurred. These errors lead to multiple differences of certified hydrogen concentration values from measured ones for standard samples.

In this paper, we analyze reasons for the genesis of systematic errors observed for hydrogen measurements while applying the thermal conductivity cell technique. As a result, we have demonstrated that measurements resulting from sample heating and melting in an inert gas flow depend on the heat capacity of the sample and the surface temperature of the melting pot. This explains multiple errors and even negative values in measurements of low hydrogen concentrations.

Acknowledgements: The research was supported by the RFBR, projects No. 18-08-00201, 18-31-00329 and 17-08-00783.

Keywords: hydrogen diagnostics, hydrogen analyzer, extraction in an inert gas flow, thermal conductivity cell

Bibliography:

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А. М. Полянский, В. А. Полянский, К. П. Фролова, Ю. А. Яковлев

ВОДОРОДНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА МЕТАЛЛОВ И СПЛАВОВ

В статье дан обзор развития водородной диагностики металлов. Долгое время использовались методы обогащения пробы за счет вакуумной экстракции водорода из металлических образцов. Развитие технологий промышленного контроля привело к практически полному вытеснению вакуумных методик «атмосферными». В результате появились систематические ошибки, дающие многократную разницу между аттестованными и измеренными значениями стандартных образцов при межлабораторных сличениях.

Проведен анализ причин возникновения систематических ошибок, наблюдаемых при измерениях концентрации водорода с помощью ячейки теплопроводности. Показано, что результат измерения приборами, работающими на принципе нагрева и плавления образцов в газе-носителе, зависит не только от стабильности электронных систем и датчиков температуры образца, но и от его теплоемкости, а также состояния поверхности тигля. Этим объясняются многократные систематические ошибки измерения малых концентраций и отрицательные концентрации водорода.

Благодарности: Исследование выполнено при поддержке РФФИ, проекты No. 18-08-00201, 18-31-00329 и 17-08-00783.

Ключевые слова: водородная диагностика, анализатор водорода, экстракция в потоке газа-носителя, ячейка теплопроводности

Библиография:

Patent 670,775 U.S. Process of making alloys of iron and hydrogen / G. W. Gesner; published 26.03.1901.
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Method of casting steel ingots : pat. 1,888,132 U.S. / Kinzel A. B. – Publ. 15.11.1932.
Process of manufacturing steel : pat. 695,264 U.S. / Andrew T., Thomas K. B. – Publ. 11.03.1902.
Bernhard O. Leitfaden für Gießereilaboratorien. – Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer, 1915. – 44 p. – ISBN 978-3-662-40626-7. – DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-41106-3.
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Библиографическая ссылка на статью

Hydrogen Diagnostics of Metals and Alloys / A. M. Polyanskiy, V. A. Polyanskiy, K. P. Frolova, Yu. A. Yakovlev // Diagnostics, Resource and Mechanics of materials and structures. - 2018. - Iss. 6. - P. 37-50. -
DOI: 10.17804/2410-9908.2018.6.037-050. -
URL: http://dream-journal.org/issues/2018-6/2018-6_190.html
(accessed: 21.11.2024).